玻璃生产线的磨损如何解决，目前关于中空玻璃生产线磨损尚无统一的分类方法，大体可概括为两类：一类是根据磨损结果对磨损表观的描述，如点蚀磨损、胶合磨损、擦伤磨损等；另一类是根据摩擦机理，分磨粒磨损、粘着磨损、疲劳磨损、腐蚀磨损等。

　　How to solve the wear and tear of glass production lines? Currently, there is no unified classification method for the wear of insulated glass production lines, which can be roughly summarized into two categories: one is the description of the wear surface based on the wear results, such as pitting wear, bonding wear, abrasion wear, etc; Another type is based on the friction mechanism, which includes abrasive wear, adhesive wear, fatigue wear, corrosion wear, etc.

　　1.粘着磨损

　　1. Adhesive wear

　　在切向力的作用下，摩擦副表面的吸附膜和服污膜遭到破坏，使表面的轮廓峰在相互作用的各点处发生冷焊，由于相对运动，材料便从一个表面转移到另一个表面，形成粘着磨损。在此过程中，有时材料也会再次附着回原表面，出现逆转移，或脱离所粘附的表面而成为游离颗粒。载荷越大，表面温度越高，粘着的现象也越严重，严重的粘着磨损会造成运动副咬死，粘着磨损是金属摩擦副之间最普遍的一种磨损形式。

　　Under the action of tangential force, the adsorption film and fouling film on the surface of the friction pair are damaged, causing the contour peaks of the surface to undergo cold welding at various points of interaction. Due to relative motion, the material is transferred from one surface to another, forming adhesive wear. During this process, sometimes the material may reattach to the original surface, undergo reverse transfer, or detach from the adhered surface and become free particles. The larger the load, the higher the surface temperature, and the more severe the adhesion phenomenon. Severe adhesion wear can cause the motion pair to bite, and adhesion wear is the most common form of wear between metal friction pairs.

　　为了减轻粘着磨损，可采取以下措施：①合理选择配对材料。同种金属比异种金属易于粘着;脆性材料比塑性材料的抗粘着能力强。进行表面处理(如表面热处理、电镀、喷涂等)可防止粘着磨损的发生。②限制摩擦表面的温度。⑤采用含油性和极压添加剂的润滑剂。④控制压强。

　　To reduce adhesive wear, the following measures can be taken: ① Reasonably select matching materials. Same metal is easier to adhere than dissimilar metal; Brittle materials have stronger anti adhesion ability than plastic materials. Surface treatment (such as surface heat treatment, electroplating, spraying, etc.) can prevent adhesive wear from occurring Limit the temperature of the friction surface. ⑤ Lubricants containing oil and extreme pressure additives are used Control the pressure.

　　2.磨粒磨损

　　2. Abrasive wear

　　中空玻璃生产线磨粒磨损从外部进入摩棕面间的游离硬质颗粒(如尘土或磨损造成的金属微粒)或硬的轮廓峰尖，在较软材料表面犁刨出很多沟纹而引起材料脱落的现象，称为磨粒磨损。磨粒磨损与摩擦副材料的硬度和磨粒的硬度有关。有时选用较便宜的材料，定期更换易磨损的零件，更符合经济原则。

　　The phenomenon of abrasive wear in the production line of insulating glass refers to the free hard particles (such as dust or metal particles caused by wear) or hard contour peaks that enter the brown surface from the outside and plow many grooves on the surface of softer materials, causing material detachment. The abrasive wear is related to the hardness of the friction pair material and the hardness of the abrasive particles. Sometimes choosing cheaper materials and regularly replacing parts that are prone to wear is more in line with economic principles.

　　3.疲劳磨损

　　3. Fatigue wear and tear

　　在变接触应力的作用下，如果该应力超过材料相应的接触疲劳极限，就会在摩擦副表面或表面以下一定深度处形成疲劳裂纹，随着裂纹的扩展及相互连接，金属微粒便会从零件工作表面上脱落，导致表面出现麻点状损伤现象.即形成疲劳磨损或称疲劳点蚀。

　　Under the action of variable contact stress, if the stress exceeds the corresponding contact fatigue limit of the material, fatigue cracks will form on the surface of the friction pair or at a certain depth below the surface. As the cracks propagate and interconnect, metal particles will detach from the working surface of the part, resulting in surface pitting damage It forms fatigue wear or fatigue pitting corrosion.

　　为了提高零件表面的疲劳寿命，除应合理选择摩擦副材料外，还应注意：①合理选择零件接触面的表面粗糙度。一般情况下表面粗糙度值越小，疲劳寿命越长。②合理选择润滑油粘度。粘度低的油易渗入裂纹，加速裂纹扩展。粘度高的润滑油有利于接触应力均匀分布，提高抗疲劳磨损的能力。在润滑油中加入极压添加剂或固体润滑剂，能提高接触表面的抗疲劳性能。③合理选择零件接触面的硬度。以轴承钢为例，硬度为62HRc时，抗疲劳磨损能力最高，增加或降低表面硬度，寿命都有较大的降低。

　　In order to improve the fatigue life of the surface of the parts, in addition to selecting friction materials reasonably, attention should also be paid to: ① selecting the surface roughness of the contact surface of the parts reasonably. In general, the smaller the surface roughness value, the longer the fatigue life Reasonably choose the viscosity of lubricating oil. Oil with low viscosity is prone to penetrate cracks and accelerate crack propagation. Lubricating oil with high viscosity is conducive to uniform distribution of contact stress and improves the ability to resist fatigue wear. Adding extreme pressure additives or solid lubricants to lubricating oil can improve the fatigue resistance of the contact surface Reasonably select the hardness of the contact surface of the parts. Taking bearing steel as an example, when the hardness is 62HRc, the ability to resist fatigue wear is the highest. Increasing or decreasing the surface hardness significantly reduces the service life.

　　4.腐蚀磨损

　　4. Corrosion and wear

　　中空玻璃生产线腐蚀磨损摩擦过程中，金属与周围介质(如空气中的酸、润滑油等)发生化学或电化学反应而引起的表面损伤，称为腐蚀磨损。其中氧化磨损最为常见，这是金属摩擦附在氧化性介质中工作时，接触表面反复生成、磨去氧化膜的磨损现象，实际上是化学氧化和机械磨损两种作用相继进行的过程。氧化磨损的大小取决于氧化膜的连接强度和氧化速度。

　　The surface damage caused by chemical or electrochemical reactions between metal and surrounding media (such as acids, lubricants, etc. in the air) during the corrosion, wear, and friction process of the insulated glass production line is called corrosion wear. Among them, oxidative wear is the most common, which is a wear phenomenon in which the contact surface repeatedly generates and grinds off the oxide film when metal friction is attached to an oxidizing medium. In fact, it is a process in which chemical oxidation and mechanical wear occur successively. The magnitude of oxidative wear depends on the connection strength and oxidation rate of the oxide film.

　　除了上述4种基本中空玻璃生产线磨损类型外，还有一些磨损现象可视为是基本磨损类型的派生或复合。前者如浸蚀磨损，后者如微动磨损。

　　In addition to the four basic types of wear on insulated glass production lines mentioned above, there are also some wear phenomena that can be considered as derivatives or composites of the basic wear types. The former is like erosion wear, while the latter is like micro motion wear.

　　玻璃生产线的磨损如何解决，目前关于中空玻璃生产线磨损尚无统一的分类方法，大体可概括为两类：一类是根据磨损结果对磨损表观的描述，如点蚀磨损、胶合磨损、擦伤磨损等；另一类是根据摩擦机理，分磨粒磨损、粘着磨损、疲劳磨损、腐蚀磨损等。

　　How to solve the wear and tear of glass production lines? Currently, there is no unified classification method for the wear of insulated glass production lines, which can be roughly summarized into two categories: one is the description of the wear surface based on the wear results, such as pitting wear, bonding wear, abrasion wear, etc; Another type is based on the friction mechanism, which includes abrasive wear, adhesive wear, fatigue wear, corrosion wear, etc.

　　1.粘着磨损

　　1. Adhesive wear

　　在切向力的作用下，摩擦副表面的吸附膜和服污膜遭到破坏，使表面的轮廓峰在相互作用的各点处发生冷焊，由于相对运动，材料便从一个表面转移到另一个表面，形成粘着磨损。在此过程中，有时材料也会再次附着回原表面，出现逆转移，或脱离所粘附的表面而成为游离颗粒。载荷越大，表面温度越高，粘着的现象也越严重，严重的粘着磨损会造成运动副咬死，粘着磨损是金属摩擦副之间最普遍的一种磨损形式。

　　Under the action of tangential force, the adsorption film and fouling film on the surface of the friction pair are damaged, causing the contour peaks of the surface to undergo cold welding at various points of interaction. Due to relative motion, the material is transferred from one surface to another, forming adhesive wear. During this process, sometimes the material may reattach to the original surface, undergo reverse transfer, or detach from the adhered surface and become free particles. The larger the load, the higher the surface temperature, and the more severe the adhesion phenomenon. Severe adhesion wear can cause the motion pair to bite, and adhesion wear is the most common form of wear between metal friction pairs.

　　为了减轻粘着磨损，可采取以下措施：①合理选择配对材料。同种金属比异种金属易于粘着;脆性材料比塑性材料的抗粘着能力强。进行表面处理(如表面热处理、电镀、喷涂等)可防止粘着磨损的发生。②限制摩擦表面的温度。⑤采用含油性和极压添加剂的润滑剂。④控制压强。

　　To reduce adhesive wear, the following measures can be taken: ① Reasonably select matching materials. Same metal is easier to adhere than dissimilar metal; Brittle materials have stronger anti adhesion ability than plastic materials. Surface treatment (such as surface heat treatment, electroplating, spraying, etc.) can prevent adhesive wear from occurring Limit the temperature of the friction surface. ⑤ Lubricants containing oil and extreme pressure additives are used Control the pressure.

　　2.磨粒磨损

　　2. Abrasive wear

　　中空玻璃生产线磨粒磨损从外部进入摩棕面间的游离硬质颗粒(如尘土或磨损造成的金属微粒)或硬的轮廓峰尖，在较软材料表面犁刨出很多沟纹而引起材料脱落的现象，称为磨粒磨损。磨粒磨损与摩擦副材料的硬度和磨粒的硬度有关。有时选用较便宜的材料，定期更换易磨损的零件，更符合经济原则。

　　The phenomenon of abrasive wear in the production line of insulating glass refers to the free hard particles (such as dust or metal particles caused by wear) or hard contour peaks that enter the brown surface from the outside and plow many grooves on the surface of softer materials, causing material detachment. The abrasive wear is related to the hardness of the friction pair material and the hardness of the abrasive particles. Sometimes choosing cheaper materials and regularly replacing parts that are prone to wear is more in line with economic principles.

　　3.疲劳磨损

　　3. Fatigue wear and tear

　　在变接触应力的作用下，如果该应力超过材料相应的接触疲劳极限，就会在摩擦副表面或表面以下一定深度处形成疲劳裂纹，随着裂纹的扩展及相互连接，金属微粒便会从零件工作表面上脱落，导致表面出现麻点状损伤现象.即形成疲劳磨损或称疲劳点蚀。

　　Under the action of variable contact stress, if the stress exceeds the corresponding contact fatigue limit of the material, fatigue cracks will form on the surface of the friction pair or at a certain depth below the surface. As the cracks propagate and interconnect, metal particles will detach from the working surface of the part, resulting in surface pitting damage It forms fatigue wear or fatigue pitting corrosion.

　　为了提高零件表面的疲劳寿命，除应合理选择摩擦副材料外，还应注意：①合理选择零件接触面的表面粗糙度。一般情况下表面粗糙度值越小，疲劳寿命越长。②合理选择润滑油粘度。粘度低的油易渗入裂纹，加速裂纹扩展。粘度高的润滑油有利于接触应力均匀分布，提高抗疲劳磨损的能力。在润滑油中加入极压添加剂或固体润滑剂，能提高接触表面的抗疲劳性能。③合理选择零件接触面的硬度。以轴承钢为例，硬度为62HRc时，抗疲劳磨损能力最高，增加或降低表面硬度，寿命都有较大的降低。

　　In order to improve the fatigue life of the surface of the parts, in addition to selecting friction materials reasonably, attention should also be paid to: ① selecting the surface roughness of the contact surface of the parts reasonably. In general, the smaller the surface roughness value, the longer the fatigue life Reasonably choose the viscosity of lubricating oil. Oil with low viscosity is prone to penetrate cracks and accelerate crack propagation. Lubricating oil with high viscosity is conducive to uniform distribution of contact stress and improves the ability to resist fatigue wear. Adding extreme pressure additives or solid lubricants to lubricating oil can improve the fatigue resistance of the contact surface Reasonably select the hardness of the contact surface of the parts. Taking bearing steel as an example, when the hardness is 62HRc, the ability to resist fatigue wear is the highest. Increasing or decreasing the surface hardness significantly reduces the service life.

　　4.腐蚀磨损

　　4. Corrosion and wear

　　中空玻璃生产线腐蚀磨损摩擦过程中，金属与周围介质(如空气中的酸、润滑油等)发生化学或电化学反应而引起的表面损伤，称为腐蚀磨损。其中氧化磨损最为常见，这是金属摩擦附在氧化性介质中工作时，接触表面反复生成、磨去氧化膜的磨损现象，实际上是化学氧化和机械磨损两种作用相继进行的过程。氧化磨损的大小取决于氧化膜的连接强度和氧化速度。

　　The surface damage caused by chemical or electrochemical reactions between metal and surrounding media (such as acids, lubricants, etc. in the air) during the corrosion, wear, and friction process of the insulated glass production line is called corrosion wear. Among them, oxidative wear is the most common, which is a wear phenomenon in which the contact surface repeatedly generates and grinds off the oxide film when metal friction is attached to an oxidizing medium. In fact, it is a process in which chemical oxidation and mechanical wear occur successively. The magnitude of oxidative wear depends on the connection strength and oxidation rate of the oxide film.

　　除了上述4种基本中空玻璃生产线磨损类型外，还有一些磨损现象可视为是基本磨损类型的派生或复合。前者如浸蚀磨损，后者如微动磨损。

　　In addition to the four basic types of wear on insulated glass production lines mentioned above, there are also some wear phenomena that can be considered as derivatives or composites of the basic wear types. The former is like erosion wear, while the latter is like micro motion wear.

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